Ethiopia: Where It’s Still 2016
On September 11, Ethiopians will celebrate their New Year, marking the start of 2017 according to their calendar. This unique calendar is rooted in centuries-old traditions and a strong sense of national identity, differing from the Gregorian calendar introduced by Pope Gregory XIII in 1582. The Ethiopian Orthodox Church, unlike the Roman Church, did not adjust the calculation of Jesus Christ’s birth year in 500 CE, leading to a seven to eight-year difference.
The Ethiopian calendar, thought to be over 1,500 years old, consists of 13 months: 12 months of 30 days each, and a 13th month of five or six days. Ethiopians often use both the Ethiopian and Gregorian calendars, especially in international business and education contexts. This can lead to confusion, as described by Ethiopian archaeologist Goitom W. Tekle, who struggles with constantly switching between calendars.
Ethiopia’s adherence to its calendar is a testament to its cultural and historical independence. Unlike many African countries, Ethiopia was never colonized, allowing it to preserve its unique systems. Photographer Abel Gashaw prefers the Ethiopian calendar, finding its alignment with the end of the rainy season more logical than the Gregorian New Year on January 1, which falls during Ethiopia's dry season.
Ethiopia also uses a 12-hour clock system that runs from dawn to dusk, starting at 1 a.m. This system reflects the country’s consistent daylight hours due to its proximity to the Equator. However, this can be confusing for travelers, prompting Gashaw to clarify times when making appointments with international visitors.
As Ethiopia becomes more globally connected, the coexistence of the Ethiopian and Gregorian calendars presents ongoing challenges and adaptations. However, preserving these unique traditions amidst globalization highlights the importance of cultural heritage and identity. Despite the complexities, Ethiopia’s distinct approach to time and calendar systems remains a vital part of its national pride.