Somaliland-Ethiopia Aviation Deal Sparks Political Controversy

The Political Rift in the Horn of Africa

The recent deal between Ethiopia and Somaliland, involving Somaliland acquiring shares in Ethiopian Airlines, has ignited a political controversy in the Horn of Africa. This agreement, finalized in January 2024, was met with a stark rejection from the President of Somalia, Hassan Sheikh Mohamud, escalating tensions in the region.

The Essence of the Agreement

On January 1, 2024, Ethiopia and Somaliland signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) granting Ethiopia access to the Red Sea. This strategic move would offer Ethiopia direct trade routes and naval deployment opportunities. In exchange, Somaliland would receive shares in Ethiopian Airlines, Africa's most prominent and profitable carrier, and recognition as an independent state. This deal is groundbreaking as it represents the first instance of a foreign government acquiring a stake in Ethiopian Airlines, which has partnered with several African carriers but remained solely owned by Ethiopia.

Somalia's Response

The Somali government has vehemently opposed the MoU, viewing it as a violation of its national sovereignty and territorial integrity. On January 6, President Mohamud signed legislation nullifying the Ethiopia-Somaliland agreement. This law, announced via social media, emphasizes Somalia's commitment to its unity, sovereignty, and adherence to international law. The specifics of the law and its parliamentary endorsement details remain undisclosed.

Somaliland's Position

In response to Somalia's stance, the government of Somaliland has urged respect for its bilateral agreement with Ethiopia. This call highlights the importance of sovereign entities engaging in regional cooperation without external influence.

Broader Implications

This diplomatic tussle underscores the delicate balance of power and political relationships in the Horn of Africa. The potential recognition of Somaliland's independence and its partnership in African aviation could reshape regional dynamics. Moreover, the deal exemplifies the strategic importance of aviation partnerships in geopolitical negotiations.

Conclusion

The Ethiopia-Somaliland deal's future remains uncertain amid Somalia's resistance. This situation reflects the complexities of regional politics and the significant role of strategic economic agreements in shaping international relations.